Period+4+Ch+17


 * AP Biology**
 * Chapter 17 Guided Reading Assignment**

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 * 1) What did Garrod mean by “inborn errors of metabolism?”
 * 1) Describe the Beadle and Tatum experiment with mold in detail – use the diagram below to help. The logic behind both the experiment and the results are critical.
 * 1) What was Beadle and Tatum’s final hypothesis?
 * 1) Use the diagram below to note the flow of genetic information in a eukaryotic cell – next to each label in the square – write the definition of the term.
 * 1) Why does the “code” have to be in triplets and not singles or doubles?
 * 1) What is the template strand?
 * 1) Compare and contrast the codon and anticodon?
 * 1) How did Nirenberg “figure out” which amino acids went with which codes?
 * 1) What is the reading frame?
 * 1) What conclusions can be drawn from the similarities of the genetic code among living organisms?
 * 1) Use the diagram below to understand transcription: Define all terms.
 * 1) What is a transcription unit?
 * 1) Describe the prokaryotic promoter and terminator.
 * 1) Use the diagram below to demonstrate initiation of transcription at a eukaryotic promoter. Write definition of all terms in diagram.
 * 1) Contrast termination of transcription for prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms.
 * 1) Why is important that the promoter be upstream of the transcription unit?
 * 1) Why is RNA processing necessary?
 * 1) What does adding a 5’ cap and poly A tail mean and why is it important?
 * 1) Define the following terms:
 * 2) RNA splicing
 * 1) Introns
 * 1) Exons
 * 1) Spliceosome
 * 1) snRNP’s
 * 1) ribozymes
 * 1) UTR
 * 1) Alternative RNA splicing
 * 1) domains
 * 1) Describe the structure and function of transfer RNA.
 * 1) Why is the enzyme aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase important to translation and protein synthesis?
 * 1) What is “wobble”?
 * 1) Describe the structure and function on ribosomal RNA – use the diagram below.
 * 1) Detail the steps of initiation of translation.
 * 1) Use the diagram below to detail elongation cycle of translation. Define terms.
 * 1) Use the diagram below to detail the termination of translation – define all terms.
 * 1) What are polyribosomes?
 * 1) What is an example of a post translational modification of a protein?
 * 1) What is a signal peptide?
 * 1) What is a signal recognition particle?
 * 1) Use the diagram below to highlight the signal mechanism for targeting proteins to the ER.
 * 1) You are responsible for the content in Table 17.1 on page 327.
 * 1) Define the following terms:
 * 2) Mutations
 * 1) Point mutations
 * 1) Base pair substitution
 * 1) Missense
 * 1) Nonsense
 * 1) Insertions
 * 1) Deletions
 * 1) Frameshift mutation
 * 1) Mutagen
 * 1) How has a gene been “redefined” and why?
 * 1) Use the diagram below to help you study the “whole” picture.